Recommended for polymers: PE, PP, TPO, EPDM, HIPS, ABS, EVA, PC/ABS blend, PPE/HIPS blend, TPU, polyester, epoxy, phenolics, rubber, PA6, PA66, HTPA, PBT, PET, rigid and plasticized PVC Designed for use in polymer systems where color strength is important or opacity needs to be controlled. High purity grades of antimony trioxide are designed primarily for more critical flame retardant, ceramic pigment, and glass applications.įlame retardant offers greater control over the tint properties of the formulation, provides excellent performance in viscosity sensitive applications. It has very low reactivity, which is an advantage in the processing of sensitive polymers such as PET, where conventional antimony trioxide flame retardant synergists can promote depolymerization during processing. Outstanding properties: good flame retardant properties in combination with low opacity and tinting strength in polymer applications. Screen analysis, %: 99-99.5/fines through mesh <325 mesh Particle morphology: senarmontite (cubic crystal form) Name: antimony-based synergist, antimony-magnesium-zinc complex, antimony trioxide, sodium antimonate Hence, power conversion efficiency was up to 16%.
However, limit on maximum open-circuit voltage (approximately 0.8 V) is due to self-trapping. The self-trapping described the spectroscopic results and rationalized the large open-circuit voltage loss and near-unity carrier collection efficiency in Sb 2S 3 thin-film solar cells. In addition, polarized trap emission from the synthesized Sb 2S 3 single crystal, clearly indicated that photo-excited carriers were intrinsically self-trapped by lattice deformation, instead of by extrinsic defects. demonstrated Stokes shift in its photoluminescence spectra with 0.6 eV and high carrier density (10 20 cm − 3) in few picoseconds. Sb 2S 3 is a promising PV semiconductor, though its performance still shows poor power conversion efficiency and large open-circuit voltage compared to DSSCs. The solar cell yielded a power conversion efficiency of 5.15% (certified as 5.12%). A large Sb 2S 3 single-crystalline cuboid, grown on a polycrystalline TiO 2 nanoparticle to form Sb 2S 3/TiO 2-based bulk/nano-planar heterojunction for planar solar cells application, has been reported. The solar cell achieved a conversion efficiency of 4.91%. In the study of Meng et al., a novel DSSC with Sb 2S 3-modified TiO 2 nanowire (NW) arrays/TiO 2 nanoparticles as the working electrode and N719 dye as the sensitizer was reported. The oxide-free Sb 2S 3 planar type sensitized solar cell achieved power conversion efficiency of 2.3%. The nanoparticles were fabricated through the spin-coating and heat-treatment process. Sb 2S 3 has been synthesized using thermal decomposition of Sb(thioacetamide: TA) 2Cl 3 precursor by You et al. The synthesis of Sb 2S 3 QDs, which exhibited good light absorption property in solar cells and reduced recombination possibility with power conversion efficiency that reaches 0.67%, has been described. The synthesized nanoparticles showed excellent optical properties. synthesized water-soluble Sb 2S 3 submicrospheres using mercaptoacetic acid as a capping agent and thioacetamide as a sulfur source in the aqueous-phase. Hence, devices possess attractive photoresponse and improved performance if the Sb 2S 3 absorber consists of (Sb 4S 6) n ribbons that are stacked vertically on the substrate. Crystal structure of Sb 2S 3: The perspective view of single (Sb 4S 6) n ribbon, showing two-trigonal and two-square pyramidal Sb atom coordination. The structures of the 2-pyridyl selenolato complexes Sb 3 contains a square-pyramidal Bi atom coordinated by two chelating and one monodentate 2-pyridyl selenolato ligands ( Table 10.4). Weak intermolecular M-Se contacts (Sb Se 3.665 Å Bi Se 3.523 Å) were also observed in homoleptic complexes containing 2-pyridyl selenolato, (2-methyl)quinoline selenolato and 2-(4,4-dimethyloxazolino)phenyl selenolate ligands ( Fig. 10.8) are comparable to those reported for a tris(selenobenzoato)antimony(III) complex Sb 3 (2.6019(12) Å), but significantly shorter than the intermolecular Sb M(ER’) 3 typically adopts monomeric structures in the solid state, however Sb(SeMe) 3 also shows weak intermolecular interactions with neighbor molecules.